SeverumKeeper

There is a new little critter in my puffer tank. This morning, I noticed a bunch of small white critters on the glass. They look like little C's, or almost like a little anemone - from the ones I can see from the side, it almost seems like a little anemone on a stalk. They are nearly impossible to get a good picture of. Anyone know what they might be?

Well, the nematodes and algae are both nearly gone. I fed my puffers frozen mosquito larvae yesterday and they gobbled them up, so there probably aren't enough nematodes left to keep them happy. The hair algae is coming back as well. Maybe the nematodes will boom back up again to eat it?

I would move the tank by itself, either before or after everything else. 1) Drain tank water into at least 2 buckets. More depending on numbe and type of fish. 2) Put your filter media in one bucket. 3) Put your fish in the other bucket (multiple buckets depending on size and type of fish) 4) Dump the rest of the water. Remove large rocks but depending on the size of the tank and depth of substrate that can stay. 5) Move the tank, fill it up, plug in the filter, add your filter media. 6) Drip acclimate the fish for temperature and water parameter differences before adding them in.

I had a realization. The algae DID disappear because of the nematodes. The green nematodes on the grass aren't covered in algae; they are *full of it*. Two pieces of evidence lead me to believe this. First, some of the nematodes are on the glass that faces out, and I can see that they are green all over. Second, "Life In Jars", a YouTube channel about small closed ecosystems, did an ecosystem with 24/7 lights, and eventually ended up with brown water (from algae, but because of the constant light it wasn't green), and a bunch of critters he couldn't identify on the glass that were the same color. They look identical to my little critters.

By now she has probably picked up the language, she is OK 😂

Further updates: I did lose one more pea puffer, a couple days after the first one. Those two, I don't know that I've ever seen eating. I've seen all of the remaining 6 eat, although one of them is smaller than the rest and isn't feeding as aggressively. Still, it's been about 2 weeks with all 6 remaining puffers doing well, so I am pretty hopeful that we are through any issues with them. After a lot of back and forth I decided to introduce some shrimp to the tank. I've definitely heard from some pea puffer keeprs who had the puffers eat their shrimp, but I also heard from many others whose puffers ignored the adult shrimp and only ate the babies. The LFS I was at last weekend had a "assorted shrimp" tank with $3 bright red cherry shrimps - not sure why they are "assorted" (the closer to home LFS charges 8.99 for cherry shrimp!) So I jumped at the opportunity and got 10. So far it had worked out well - I've seen a couple of molts and the green hair algae I had been dealing with disappeared within a couple of days. However, I did notice something very strange, that I had no explanation for until earlier today. For the last few days, my pea puffers haven't been eating. When I put some worms or some daphnia in, they'll swim around, investigate, maybe even nibble - but no more slurping up blood worms like spaghetti. For a bit I was worried, but all of them have been more active than ever, and (aside from the one that was always a little smaller) are all very plump. And yet, they weren't touching the frozen food, which ended up on the floor or in the moss for the shrimps to eat. I couldn't explain it. Until finally, I noticed something strange in the water. What appeared to be a tiny bit of debris carried in the water column was actually spinning very quickly. Far more rapidly than the current should be carrying it. I noticed a few of these spinning wonders, which prompted me to search the internet for an explanation. NEMATODES! The tank (once I knew what to look for) is positively crawling with tiny little nematodes, and the pea puffers are happily devouring them. Here is the hair algae I developed, and the shrimps I added eating it: The hair algae is nearly gone now, but there's still a dusting of it on the wall. The green tubes here are more nematodes, they look green because of the algae but I've seen them move around occasionally, so it isn't just a strange algae growth pattern. I think the brown squiggly lines on the Anubias leaves are also nematodes. I've been seeing these little critters for a few days now, but until I saw some in the water column (and once I knew what to look for, on the substrate) I had no idea what they were, which is why I ignored them and kept doing what I was doing as far as feeding. I think at this point, I'll deal with the nematodes by just not feeding more frozen food for a day or two, and then just dropping in a couple bits to see if the puffers are hungry or not. They shouldn't be harmful, and the puffers are clearly eating them, so I can just leave them be and their population should shrink to match the available food. (I definitely don't want them to fully die out, though, because they're free puffer food, and probably more enriching to hunt than frozen food!) I am also starting to wonder if the nematodes actually helped with the hair algae. I don't have any good photos, but when I got the shrimp on Sunday, the hair algae had totally filled in the space between the decorative log and the glass with whispy strands, and the Java moss was completely surrounded by a brown halo of algae. I saw the shrimp munching away, and even saw their little tummies turn dark green as they filled with algae; but (aside from the dust algae) it's all gone now, less than a week later, and that seems incredibly fast for 9 little shrimp to work (1 died the first night, sadly). Can nematodes eat algae?

Quite a bit has happened with the tank; I'll try to update you guys on it all, with photos. I'm embarrassed to admit that I still haven't gotten around to adding any rocks! The tank seems to have plenty of hiding spaces even without them, but I do like the look of slate, so I probably will add some eventually, but I am in no rush. Here is my tank as it was the last time I posted photos. Shortly afterwards I decided to rescue all remaining plants (other than some floating anacharis and some Java fern) from my 75 and move them to the 20, to save them from the severum. You can see the damage he did to some Anubias here: The tank with more plants (and the beginning of a hair algae issue, which will get worse before it gets better!) More images coming soon.

So! Some updates on the tank. The Purigen worked wonders! Tank is pretty darn clear. Although I may be due for a water change again. Other than that, I've kept growing my red eye tetra school, with 21 of them now they are finally swimming together in a tight group regularly. I'm probably happy with this number for now. I also want to get some more Cory cats. Like the Tetras, I want to abandon my previous strategy of mixing and matching 6 each of a few different kinds, and instead go all in on one Cory. Right now I have 4 Sterbai corydoras and 1 Julii corydoras. (Originally I had 6 of each plus some bronze corydoras, but as I mentioned in my earlier post, the move ~2 years ago really took a toll on my smaller fish). So I've been wanting to pick up a bunch more Sterbais. I was at the fish store last weekend, but both Sterbais and Julii were over $10 *discounted when buying 3*! I was happy to get a large number, so 6 or 9 would have been fine, but that just felt a bit pricey for those fish (especially since the rest of the store's prices were very reasonable - I picked up 5 red eye tetras for $15!). I also got mystery snails (I'd love it if they started breeding so I can feed the babies to my pea puffers) and a surprise for my 20 gallon (check the other thread soon to see what!). Finally, I've completely given up on live plants in the 75. I bought this *beautiful* Anubias with gorgeous huge leaves for $15 and the severum absolutely destroyed it. So I rescued nearly all the plants and took them to my 20 gallon pea puffer tank, where nothing is going to eat them. My poor anubias!

Anyone got a good source for reading up on how (and when!) different groups of freshwater aquarium fish evolved? I first got interested in the topic when I read about the Madagascar Rainbowfish, and about the debate regarding how it came to Madagascar - by dispersal across the ocean, or because Rainbowfish were already there in the Mesozoic when these landmasses broke apart in the first place (and it seems that the latter explanation is now favored, which is so cool!). Are there any good resources to learn about other groups and their evolutionary history? For example, I assume the different freshwater pufferfish groups are unrelated and represent different instances of saltwater fish colonizing a freshwater habitat? Incidentally, I think I read that after the KT extinction that took out the dinosaurs, marine ecosystems crashed hard (because they relied so heavily on photosynthetic plankton, which was absolutely decimated by the ash clouds thrown up by the asteroid) while freshwater ecosystems did OK (because they could use decaying matter swept into rivers and streams as the base of their food chain until the sun returned). I'll link a study on that topic. https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/jgrg.20086

Some sad news as well: I did lose one pea puffer the day before yesterday. Parameters all look good and the other puffers seem happy and are eating well, so I'm hoping it just has to do with the condition I got the fish in.

The plants from Aquarium Coop arrived yesterday. I'm still not ready to add rockwork - I'm debating whether I want to break my slate up a bit more or not. Tank with plants: Feeding some mosquito larva:

Plants should be getting here tomorrow, I will hopefully have some time to scape on Wedensday. I'm excited for the tank to finally take form! I have a lot of slate I plan to use. Does anyone know of any inspiration scapes I can borrow for? Going for a jungle and slate feel.

Fed me puffers some frozen Baby Brine Shrimp today, first time trying that particular food. I wasn't quite expecting how tiny it would be! In hindsight, I should have predicted that babies would be incredibly small! It was hard to tell if my puffers were eating or not because of how small the food was. But they did get super excited and zoomed back and forth through the clouds of white specks, so I assume they did get some. I'll feed some frozen mosquito larva tomorrow, maybe I'll actually be able to see them eat that way! A couple of puffer pics from today. I still haven't scaped the tank fully - should hopefully have time tomorrow or the day after. Oops, not sure why the final two photos are upside down. One contains an incredibly cute puffer looking right at the camera!

Anyone know a good source for reading about the topic of how different aquarium fish groups evolved? I was reading about the debate on how the Madagascar Rainbowfish reached the island, with the original proposal being a dispersal across the ocean and more moder analysis favoring rainbowfish getting there during the Mesozoic, before Gondwana broke up. Which would make Rainbowfish as a group truly ancient!

I got Pea Puffers!!!